Equipping Evangelizers in the Digital Age: Bridging Competency Gaps of Parish Social Communicators in the Diocese of Malolos
Equipping Evangelizers in the Digital Age:
Bridging Competency Gaps of Parish Social Communicators in the Diocese of Malolos
Religion and Social Communication Vol. 24, No. 1 (2026)
ISSN 3057-0883 (Online)
Author
Roderick Evans Bartolome
Department of Communication, Far Eastern University, Philippines
Email: rbartolome@feu.edu.ph
ORCID: 0000-0002-4312-9416
Abstract
Drawing on Franz‐Josef Eilers’ seven‐competency framework, this explanatory sequential logic study adopted a quantitative-dominant mixed-methods design to identify formation gaps among 734 parish social‐communication volunteers in the Diocese of Malolos, Bulacan, Philippines. Survey data indicate strong ethical and professional confidence, but lower self-ratings in theological literacy and back-end digital analytics. Three focus‐group discussions (n=32) explain these patterns, unveiling (1) a “craft–content–connection” synergy model, (2) a front‐end/back‐end skills divide, (3) an anxiety‐driven strategy of comment‐thread closure during online controversy, and (4) volunteers’ perception of training as both pastoral empowerment and career capital. Synthesizing quantitative and qualitative strands, the article proposes an integrated “SOCCOM Academy” that braids theology, analytics, crisis drills, and creative labs. The findings extend Eilers’ competence paradigm and supply empirical grounding for an Asian diocesan pastoral‐communication plan.
Keywords
Catholic social communication; training‐needs assessment; Eilers competency framework; Diocese of Malolos; parish media ministry
References
Arnold, William, and Laura McClure. Communication Training and Development. New York: Routledge 2023.
Bock, Jan-Hendrik. “The Church on the Move: Towards a Theology of Communication.” Theological Studies 75, no. 4 (2014): 870–892. https://doi.org/10.1177/0040571X14558977.
Cigularov, Konstantin P., and Paul Dillulio. “Does Rater Job Position Matter in Training Needs Assessment? A Study of Municipal Employees in the USA.” International Journal of Training and Development 24, no. 4 (2020): 337–356. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijtd.12200.
Pontifical Council for Social Communication. Communio et Progressio: Pastoral Instruction on the Means of Social Communication. Rome: Vatican 1971. https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_23051971_communio_en.html.
Creswell, John W., and Abbas Tashakkori. “Differing Perspectives on Mixed Methods Research.” Journal of Mixed Methods Research 1, no. 4 (2007): 303–308.
Czabanowska, Katarzyna, and Patricia R. Feria. “Training Needs Assessment Tools for the Public-Health Workforce at an Institutional and Individual Level: A Review.” European Journal of Public Health 34, no. 1 (2024): 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad183.
Diocesan Commission on Social Communication. Pastoral Plan for 2024. Malolos: Diocese of Malolos 2024.
Eilers, Franz-Josef. “Competence in Social Communication: A Christian Perspective.” Bangkok: Asian Research Center for Religion and Social Communication, 2014. https://asianresearchcenter.org/blog/fr-franz-josef-eilers-svd/competence-in-social-communication-a-christian-perspective.
———. “Social Communication: The Development of a Concept.” In Communicating in Community: An Introduction to Social Communication, 3rd ed., 311–318. Manila: Logos, 2002.
Gebregzabher, Eden H., Fikru Tesfaye, Wondwosen Cheneke, Abebaw E. Negesso, and Gebremeskel Kedida. “Continuing Professional Development (CPD) Training Needs Assessment for Medical-Laboratory Professionals in Ethiopia.” Human Resources for Health 21, no. 1 (2023): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-023-00837-1.
Gupta, Kavita. A Practical Guide to Needs Assessment. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons 2011.
Gyeltshen, Kinley, Prasit Kamnuansilpa, Christy D. Crumpton, and Supreya Wongthanavasu. “Training Needs Assessment of the Royal Bhutan Police.” Police Practice and Research 22, no. 1 (2021): 409–425. https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2020.1716355.
Hawkins, Sandra A., Samreen Ehsan, and Jennifer J. Burkitt. “Evaluating the Training Needs of Interprofessional Teams Working in Specialized Geriatric Services.” Perspectives: The Journal of the Canadian Gerontological Nursing Association 44, no. 3 (2023): 6–15.
Hyasat, Ahmad S., Ghazi A. Al-Weshah, and Dina F. Kakeesh. “Training Needs Assessment for Small Businesses: The Case of the Hospitality Industry in Jordan.” GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 40, no. 1 (2022): 20–29. https://doi.org/10.30892/gtg.40102-798.
Kaufman, Roger, and Robert G. Stakenas. “Needs Assessment and Holistic Planning.” Educational Leadership 38, no. 8 (1981): 612–616.
Kaufman, Roger A., and Fred W. English. Needs Assessment: Concept and Application. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Educational Technology Publications 1979.
Koohi, Ali H., Farhad Ghandali, Hamed Dehghan, and Niloofar Ghandali. “Training Needs Assessment of Technical Skills in Managers of Tehran Electricity Distribution Company.” International Education Studies 9, no. 7 (2016): 161–169.
Lanza, Teresa E., Alessandro Paladini, Eleonora Marziali, Valentina Gianfredi, Luca Blandi, Carlo Signorelli, Anna Odone, Walter Ricciardi, Gualtiero Damiani, and Carlo Cadeddu. “Training Needs Assessment of European Front-Line Health-Care Workers on Vaccinology and Vaccine Acceptance: A Systematic Review.” European Journal of Public Health 33, no. 4 (2023): 591–595. https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad101.
Le Duc, Anthony, ed. Church Communication in the New Normal: Perspectives from Asia and Beyond. Bangkok: Asian Research Center for Religion and Social Communication, 2022. https://asianresearchcenter.org/blog/arc-books/new-book-church-communication-in-the-new-normal-perspectives-from-asia-and-beyond.
———. “Religious Leaders and Social Media: Religious Communication During and Post-Pandemic.” In Church Communication in the New Normal: Perspectives from Asia and Beyond, edited by Anthony Le Duc, 98-124. Bangkok: Asian Research Center for Religion and Social Communication, 2022.
Lennon, Robert P., David Rabago, Erin Deneke, Xing Lu, Christine M. Broszko, Olga Simoyan, and Ricardo W. C. Fuentes. “Results of a Military Family Medicine Scholarly Activity Training Needs Assessment.” Military Medicine 188, nos. 1–2 (2023): e374–e381. https://doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usab174.
Liwanag, Bienvenido A., Epifania C. Padohinog, and Naomi W. Balsicas. “Training Needs Assessment on the Teachers’ Functional and Research Competencies: Basis for Competency Training Plan.” Education Quarterly Reviews 5, no. 1 (2023): 18–26.
Navas, Albertina. “Empathy – The Key to Handle Digital Communication Post-Pandemic.” Religion and Social Communication 20, no. 1 (2022): 143-159.
Ogba, Fidelis N., Chukwuemeka A. Ugodulunwa, and Nancy C. N. Igu. “Assessment of Training Needs of Teachers and Administrators for Effective Inclusive Education Delivery in Secondary Schools in South-East Nigeria.” International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation 15, no. 1 (2020): 72–91.
Pontifical Council for Social Communication. Aetatis Novae: Pastoral Instruction on Social Communication. Rome: Vatican 1992. https://www.vatican.va/content/dam/wss/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_22021992_aetatis_en.html.
Pavlou, Vasilis, Eleni Anagnou, and Ioannis Fragkoulis. “Towards Professional Development: Training Needs Assessment of Primary-School Theatre Teachers in Greece.” Education Quarterly Reviews 4, no. 1 (2021): 49–60.
Powell, Robert B., Gary L. Depper, and Brent A. Wright. “Interpretation Training Needs in the Twenty-First Century: A Needs Assessment of Interpreters in the National Park Service.” Journal of Interpretation Research 22, no. 2 (2017): 19–34. https://doi.org/10.1177/109258721702200203.
Renning, Katrin, Bernard van de Water, Stefanie Brandstetter, Charles Kasitomu, Nancy Gowero, Mercy Simbota, and Michael Majamanda. “Training Needs Assessment for Practicing Pediatric Critical-Care Nurses in Malawi to Inform the Development of a Specialized Master’s Education Pathway: A Cohort Study.” BMC Nursing 21, no. 1 (2022): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12912-021-00772-3.
Streuli, Susanne, Gary Gill, Robert DeVito, Lauren Fahnestock, Jennifer DeFrancesco, Chetan K. Somaiya, Diego Ramirez, Ryan Baker, David Dyjack, and Manjit Randhawa. “Decoding Training Needs: Exploring Demographic Data to Understand Retail Food Regulatory Workforce Composition and Inform Capacity Building.” Journal of Environmental Health 86, no. 8 (2024): 34–40.
Streuli, Susanne, Gary Gill, Jennifer DeFrancesco, Chetan Somaiya, Robert DeVito, David Dyjack, and Manjit Randhawa. “Decoding Training Needs: Developing a Needs-Assessment Tool to Inform Workforce Capacity Building in Retail Food Safety.” Journal of Environmental Health 86, no. 6 (2024): 34–38.
Saskatchewan Institute of Applied Science and Technology. Saskatchewan Urban Training Needs Assessment Report 2003. Saskatoon: SIAST 2003.
South African Management Development Institute. Training Manual, Module 2: Training Needs Assessment. Pretoria: SAMDI 2007. https://amdin.africa/archive/documents/d00104/SAMDI_TOT_Module_2.pdf.
“Vatican II on Social Communication.” Catholic Culture (website), n.d. https://www.catholicculture.org/commentary/vatican-ii-on-social-communication/.
Tenedero, Maria Cecilia. “A Figured World Study of the Online Faith Discourse of a Philippine Catholic Parish Facebook Page.” Religion and Social Communication 23, no. 2 (2025): 347-374.
Vatican News. “An Overview of the Second Vatican Council.” October 14, 2022. https://www.vaticannews.va/en/vatican-city/news/2022-10/vatican-ii-council-60th-anniversary-video-history-background.html.
Yousif, Ahmed K., Osman Y. Ahmed, and Wafa N. Osman. “Training Needs Assessment of Academic Teaching Staff in the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Gezira, Sudan 2018.” Education in Medicine Journal 11, no. 1 (2019): 31–41. https://doi.org/10.21315/eimj2019.11.1.4.
Pages: 54–82
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62461/REB051026
Submitted, Accepted & Published Dates
Submitted: July 31, 2025
Accepted: October 15, 2025
Published: January 1, 2026
Cite this article
Bartolome, Roderick Evans. “Equipping Evangelizers in the Digital Age: Bridging Competency Gaps of Parish Social Communicators in the Diocese of Malolos.” Religion and Social Communication 24, no. 1 (2026): 54–82. https://doi.org/10.62461/REB051026.
Copyright & License
© 2026 The authors. This is an open access article under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).