Skip to content
Top banner
Language

Religious Prophetic Voices to Affect the Course of Technological Development

ARC Admin
2024-02-05 11:00 UTC+7 152

RELIGION AND SOCIAL COMMUNICATION VOLUME 21, NO. 2 (2023)

ISSN 1686-9184

Author

Clement Baffoe

Abstract

In an era where advanced technologies permeate daily life, innovations like Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR), Automated Weapon Systems (AWS), and Chatbots such as ChatGPT are omnipresent, influencing diverse sectors from homes and schools to hospitals and military intelligence. While these technologies offer substantial benefits, simplifying various aspects of life, they also present a myriad of challenges that, if left unaddressed, could impede the creative purposes of God. This article explores the multifaceted issues arising from advanced technologies, including unemployment, discrimination, judicial injustices, military escalations, and disinformation, all of which jeopardize global peace. Ethical concerns and regulatory frameworks for these technologies remain inadequately addressed on a universal scale, particularly from a religious standpoint.

The proposed solution is prophetic dialogue, advocating for proactive engagement between science and faith to confront the ethical and regulatory dilemmas associated with advanced technologies. While prophetic dialogue is not a novel theological concept, its specific application to the collaboration between technology developers and people of faith is an evolving concept. This dialogue, involving scientists, religious communities, and people of goodwill from various traditions, seeks to harness the diverse knowledge and ethics embedded in different religions to mitigate the adverse effects of advanced technologies. The article envisions that through prophetic dialogue, which incorporates the perspectives of diverse religious traditions, leaders and inventors can be influenced to address the challenges posed by advanced technologies. This collaborative effort aims to preserve global peace, stability, and justice by appealing to the collective conscience of world leaders and innovators, fostering a harmonious coexistence between technological progress and ethical considerations.

Keywords

digital technology, prophetic dialogue, technological development, digital future

References

ABC News. “Chatbots, Deepfakes and Love: How AI is Changing Our Lives.” May 8, 2023. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fy0HbbKtM_g&pp=ygUPQUkgRm91ciBDb3JuZXJzhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fy0HbbKtM_g&pp=ygUPQUkgRm91ciBDb3JuZXJz.

Acemoglu, Daron, and Pascual Restrepo. “Robots and Jobs: Evidence from US Labor Markets.” The Journal of Political Economy 128, no. 6 (2020): 2188–2244.

Allen, Bobby. “Deepfake Video of Zelenskyy Could Be “Tip of the Iceberg” in Info War, Experts Warn.” NPR, May 16, 2022. https://www.npr.org/2022/03/16/1087062648/deepfake-video-zelenskyy-experts-war-manipulation-ukraine-russia.

Angwin, Julia et al. “Machine Bias: There's Software Used Across the Country to Predict Future Criminals, and It's Biased Against Blacks.” ProPublica Website, May 23, 2016. https://www.propublica.org/article/machine-bias-risk-assessments-in-criminal-sentencing.

Associated Press. “New York City School Officials Block Access to Controversial Artificial Intelligence ChatGPT to Stop Students Generating Essays.” ABC NEWS, January 8, 2023. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-01-08/artificial-intelligence-chatgpt-chatbot-explained/101835670.

Babuta, Alexander, and Marion Oswald. “Data Analytics and Algorithmic Bias in Policing.” Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies. Accessed February 23, 2023. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/831750/RUSI_Report_-_Algorithms_and_Bias_in_Policing.pdf.

Beatty, Liam. “Australia’s Public Education Systems Bans Chatbot.” ABC NEWS, February 3, 2023. https://www.news.com.au/national/australias-public-education-systems-bans-chatbot/news-story/6360c35f7ba84da8c9f1263015a0da57.

Benedict XVI. Caritas in Veritate, Encyclical Letter, 2009. https://www.vatican.va/content/benedict-xvi/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_ben-xvi_enc_20090629_caritas-in-veritate.html

Benjamin, Daniel, and Steven Simon. “How Fake News Could Lead to Real War.” Politico Magazine, July 5, 2019. https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2019/07/05/fake-news-real-war-227272/.

Berkeley Center for Religion, Peace & World Affairs. “Transatlantic Policy Network on Religion and Diplomacy.” Accessed September 25, 2023. https://berkleycenter.georgetown.edu/projects/transatlantic-policy-network-on-religion-and-diplomacy.

Bevans, Stephen B., and Katalina Tahaafe-Williams, eds. Contextual Theology for the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: The Lutterworth Press, 2011.

Braun, Joachim von, Margaret S. Archer, Gregory M. Reichberg, and Marcelo Sanchez Sorondo, eds. AI Robotics, Humanity: Opportunities, Risks, and Implications for Ethics and Policy. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2021.

Cataleta, Maria Stefania. “Humane Artificial Intelligence: The Fragility of Human Rights Facing AI.” East-West Center. 2021. http://www.jstor.org/stable/resrep25514.

Criddle, Cristina, and Hannah Murphy. “OpenAI Chief Says New Rules Are Needed to Guard Against AI Risks.” Financial Times, May 17, 2023. https://www.ft.com/content/aa3598f7-1470-45e4-a296-bd26953c176f.

Demeke, Yemareshet Hailu. “Youth Unemployment and Political Instability: Evidence from IGAD Member Countries.” Cogent Economics & Finance 10, no. 1 (2022). DOI: 10.1080/23322039.2022.2079211

Equipping Christian Leadership in an Age of Science. “Scientists in Congregations.” Accessed September 27, 2023. https://www.eclasproject.org/congregations/.

Etzioni, Amitai, and Oren Etzioni. “Should Artificial Intelligence be Regulated?” Issues in Science and Technology 33, no. 4 (Summer, 2017): 32-36.

Generalate of the Society of the Divine Word. “Nuntius Societas Verbi Divini.” Official Documents for Members Only. Vol. XVI (2004-2008): 301-465.

Greene, Andrew. “Australian-designed Lethal Drone to be Unveiled at Avalon Airshow.” ABC NEWS, February 28, 2023. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2023-02-28/avalon-airshow-defence-air-force-drones/102028936#:~:text=The%20ABC%20can%20reveal%20that%20a%20new%20Australian-developed,is%20designed%20to%20be%20stored%20in%20shipping%20containers.

Frey, Carl Benedikt, and Michael Osborne. “The Future of Employment: How Susceptible are Jobs to Computerisation?” University of Oxford. September 17, 2013. https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/downloads/academic/future-of-employment.pdf.

Gutiérrez, Gustavo. A Theology of Liberation: History, Politics and Salvation. Maryknoll, NY: Orbis Books, 1973.

Guynn, Jessica. “Palantir Charged with Discriminating Against Asians.” USA Today, September 26, 2016. https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/news/2016/09/26/palantir-department-of-labor-discrimination-asians-lawsuit/91131284/.

Herzfeld, Noreen. “Can Lethal Weapon Be Just?” Journal of Moral Theology 11, Special Issue 1 (2022): 70-86.

Horowitz, Michael C., Gregory C. Allen, Edoardo Saravalle, Anthony Cho, Kara Frederick, and Paul Scharre. “Artificial Intelligence and International Security.” Center for a New American Security, July 10, 2018. https://www.cnas.org/publications/reports/artificial-intelligence-and-international-security.

IF20. “About the G20 Interfaith Forum.” Accessed September 22, 2023. https://www.g20interfaith.org/g20-interfaith-forum-about/.

International Labour Organization. “World of Work Report 2011: Making Markets Work for Jobs.” International Institute for Labour Studies. Accessed September 22, 2023. https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---dgreports/---dcomm/---publ/documents/publication/wcms_166021.pdf.

International Partnership on Religion and Sustainable Development. “PaRD’s Mission & Vision.” Accessed September 25, 2023. https://www.partner-religion-development.org/about/mission-vision.

John Paul II. Laborem Exercens. Encyclical. 1981. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_14091981_laborem-exercens.html

John Paul II. Redemptoris Missio. Encyclical Letter. 1990. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_07121990_redemptoris-missio.html

John Paul II. Centesimus Annus. Encyclical Letter. 1991. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_jp-ii_enc_01051991_centesimus-annus.html

John Paul II. Common Declaration of John Paul II and the Ecumenical Patriarch His Holiness Bartholomew I, Common Declaration on Environmental Ethics. June 10, 2002. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-paul-ii/en/speeches/2002/june/documents/hf_jp-ii_spe_20020610_venice-declaration.html

Kamphuis, Yori, and Stefan Leijnen. “Here’s What You Need to Know About the New AI 'Arms Race’.” World Economic Forum, February 22, 2021. https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/02/heres-what-you-need-to-know-about-the-new-ai-arms-race/.

Lambrecht, Anja, and Catherine Tucker. “Algorithmic Bias? An Empirical Study into Apparent Gender-Based Discrimination in the Display of STEM Career Ads.” Management Science 65, no. 7 (2019): 2947-3448. https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2018.3093.

Latin American Bishops. Medellin Document: Peace. 1968.

Le Duc, Anthony. “Prophetic Dialogue as Approach to the Church’s Engagement with Stakeholders of the Technological Future.” SSRN Electronic Journal (2023): 1-33. DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.4461295.

Lewis, Patricia, et al. “Too Close for Comfort: Cases of Near Nuclear Use and Options for Policy.” Chatham House Report, April 2014. https://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/field/field_document/20140428TooCloseforComfortNuclearUseLewisWilliamsPelopidasAghlani.pdf.

Lubov, Deborah Castellano. “Pope Francis Urges Ethical Use of Artificial Intelligence.” Vatican News, March 27, 2023. https://www.vaticannews.va/en/pope/news/2023-03/pope-francis-minerva-dialogues-technology-artificial-intelligenc.html#:~:text=Pope%20Francis%20has%20applauded%20the%20benefits%20of%20technology,has%20warned%20against%20using%20AI%20unethically%20or%20irresponsibly

Manyika, James, et al. “Jobs Lost, Jobs Gained: What the Future of Work Will Mean for Jobs, Skills, and Wages.” McKinsey and Company, November 28, 2017. https://www.mckinsey.com/featured-insights/future-of-work/jobs-lost-jobs-gained-what-the-future-of-work-will-mean-for-jobs-skills-and-wages#part1.

Matthews, Dylan. “40 Years Ago Today, One Man Saved Us from World-Ending Nuclear War.” Vox, September 26, 1983. https://www.vox.com/2018/9/26/17905796/nuclear-war-1983-stanislav-petrov-soviet-union.

Michaelson, Ruth. “Muharrem İnce Pulls Out Just Days from Close Election Race, Saying Alleged Sex Tape Is Deepfake.” Guardian, May 11, 2023. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/may/11/muharrem-ince-turkish-presidential-candidate-withdraws-alleged-sex-tape.

Pontifical Council for Social Communications. Aetatis Novae. Pastoral Instruction. 1992. https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_22021992_aetatis_en.html

Pontifical Council for Social Communications. Ethics in Communications. Pastoral Instruction. 2000. https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/pccs/documents/rc_pc_pccs_doc_20000530_ethics-communications_en.html

Johnson, James S. “Artificial Intelligence.” Strategic Studies Quarterly 14, no. 1 (Spring 2020): 16-39.

Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace. To His Holiness John Paul II Master of Social Doctrine and Evangelical Witness to Justice and Peace, Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. 2004. https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/justpeace/documents/rc_pc_justpeace_doc_20060526_compendio-dott-soc_en.html

Pope Francis. Laudato Si’. Encyclical. 2015. https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/encyclicals/documents/papa-francesco_20150524_enciclica-laudato-si.html

Pope Francis. Fratelli Tutti. Encyclical. 2020. https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/encyclicals/documents/papa-francesco_20201003_enciclica-fratelli-tutti.html.

Pope John XXIII. Pacem in Terris. Encyclical. 1963. https://www.vatican.va/content/john-xxiii/en/encyclicals/documents/hf_j-xxiii_enc_11041963_pacem.html.

Rabesandratana, Tania. “Europe Moves to Compete in Global AI Arms Race.” Science Policy 360, no. 6388 (2018): 474, DOI: 10.1126/science.360.6388.474-a.

Raska, Michael, and Richard A. Bitzinger. The AI Wave in Defence Innovation: Assessing Military Artificial Intelligence Strategies, Capabilities, and Trajectories. Milton: Taylor & Francis Group, 2023.

RenAIssance Foundation. “The Abrahamic Commitment to the Rome Call for AI Ethics.” January 10, 2023. https://www.romecall.org/the-abrahamic-commitment-to-the-rome-call-for-ai-ethics-10th-january-2023/.

Reuters Fact Check. “Fact Check-Video of Australian News Interview Featuring Bill Gates Edited Using AI.” Reuters, March 23, 2023. https://www.reuters.com/article/factcheck-bill-gates-interview-idUSL1N35V1UV

Schroeder, Roger. “Proclamation and Interreligious Dialogue as Prophetic Dialogue.” Missiology: An International Review 41, no. 1 (2013): 50-61.

“Scientists in Congregations.” September 24, 2023. http://www.scientistsincongregations.org/about-us/.  

Stokel-Walker, Chris. “Should you be worried that an AI picture of the pope went viral?” New Scientist, March 27, 2023. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2366312-should-you-be-worried-that-an-ai-picture-of-the-pope-went-viral/.

Stop Killer Robots. “Problems with Autonomous Weapons.” Accessed September 25, 2023. https://www.stopkillerrobots.org/stop-killer-robots/facts-about-autonomous-weapons/.

Story, Daniel, and Ryan Jenkins. “Deepfake Pornography and the Ethics of Non-Veridical Representations.” Philosophy & Technology 36, no. 3 (2023): 1-22, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13347-023-00657-0. Surden, Harry. “Artificial Intelligence and Law: An Overview.” Georgia State University Law Review 39, no. 4 (Summer 2019): 1305-1337.

SVD Publications. “Documents of the XVI General Chapter.” In Dialogue with the Word nr. 6 (September 2006): 5-74.

Taylor, David. “Federal Court Links Robodebt Scheme with Suicides, Approves Settlement.” ABC NEWS, June 11, 2021. https://www.abc.net.au/radio/programs/pm/federal-court-links-robodebt-scheme-with-suicides/13384888.

Tucker, Ian. “‘A White Mask Worked Better’: Why Algorithms Are Not Colour Blind.” The Guardian, May 28, 2017. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/may/28/joy-buolamwini-when-algorithms-are-racist-facial-recognition-bias.

Varsha, P.S. “How Can We Manage Biases in Artificial Intelligence Systems: A Systematic Literature Review.” ScienceDirect (2023): 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jjimei.2023.100165.            

Vatican Council II. Gaudium et Spes. Pastoral Constitution on the Church in the Modern World. December 7, 1965. https://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19651207_gaudium-et-spes_en.html

Yanagizawa-Drott, David. “Propaganda and Conflict: Evidence from the Rwandan Genocide.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 129, no. 4 (2014): 1947–1994.  http://www.hks.harvard.edu/fs/dyanagi/Research/RwandaDYD.pdf.


PAGES 401-430

DOI: https://doi.org/10.62461/CMB121523

Submitted: May 29, 2023, 2023; Accepted: December 15, 2023; Published: December 31, 2023.

1706653231-420064648-7128133753969582-8919392897389180999-n.jpg
Share