The Role of the Catholic Church in the Philippines on Youth Development: A Revisit of Badiou’s Existential Philosophy
RELIGION AND SOCIAL COMMUNICATION VOLUME 23, NO. 1 (2025)
ISSN XXXX-XXXX (ONLINE)
Author
Jedu Arcaina
Abstract
This article discusses the role of the Philippine Catholic Church in promoting development among Filipino youth. Despite the benefits of globalization, its negative consequences were more pronounced. However, engaging and responding effectively to challenges caused by the impacts of globalization can lead to a meaningful existence. This indicates that young Filipinos constantly strive for what is most beneficial for themselves, as long as they are instilled with values that genuinely encourage them in such a pursuit. Such can be understood by investigating the relationship between Catholic social teaching on spirituality and social justice awareness with Alain Badiou’s existential philosophy found within his notion of maximal existence. Badiou’s notion of maximal existence is characterized as the being that maximally exists due to its meaningful participation in the situation it is in. The author explores the Church’s mission of spirituality and social justice awareness and its effective influence for a meaningful existence among the Filipino youth. The Catholic Church is perceived as embodying Badiou’s concept of maximal existence through its role on spirituality and social justice, which stands as a framework for young Filipinos’ recognition for their worth and ability to make a positive impact on both their lives and the Philippine society. The article seeks to increase consciousness regarding the Church’s spirituality and social justice in relation to the development of Filipino youth, promoting transformative development focused on truth, service, and active citizenship in them.
Keywords
Filipino youth, logic of existence, maximal existence, spirituality, social justice
References
Agra, Kelly Louise Rexzy. “How to Change the World: An Introduction to Alain Badiou’s Subtractive Ontology, Militant Subjectivity, and Ethic of Truths” Kritike 11, no. 2 (2017): 160-197. https://www.kritike.org/journal/issue_21/agra_december2017.pdf
Alibudbud, Rowalt Carpo. “Climate Change and Mental Health in the Philippines.” BJPsych
International 20, no. 2 (2023): 44-46. DOI:10.1192/bjp.2022.31
Alva, Reginald. “The Catholic Church’s perspective of human dignity as the basis of dialogue
with the secular world.” Stellenbosch Theological Journal 3, no. 2 (2017): 221-241.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17570/stj.2017.v3n2.a10
Angwaomaodoko, Ejuchegahi Anthony. “The Impact of Social Media on Youth Education and
Well-being”. Path of Science 10, no. 4 (2024): 1010-1017. DOI: 10.22178/pos.103-8.
Azuike, Maureen Amaka. “Challenges and Negative Effects of Social Media on the Education of
Children and Young Adults in the 21st Century.” Journal of Arts and Contemporary Society 9, no. 2 (2017): 46-56. https://www.cenresinjournals.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Page-46-56-0971.pdf
Badiou, Alain. “Existence and Death.” Discourse 24, no. 1 (2002): 63-73.
DOI:10.1353/dis.2003.0003
___________. Logics of Worlds (Being and Event, 2). Translated by Alberto Toscano.
Continuum, 2009. https://www.academia.edu/88634805/Logics_of_Worlds.
___________. “Towards a New Concept of Existence.” The Symptom 12, 2011.
https://www.lacan.com/symptom12/towards-a.html
Bai, Niyang. “Educational Challenges in the Philippines.” Broken Chalk, August 4, 2023.
https://brokenchalk.org/educational-challenges-in-the-philippines/
Broad, Robin, and John Cavanagh. Plundering Paradise: The Struggle for the Environment in
the Philippines. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
Cabanes, Jason Vincent A., and Fernando A. Santiago. “Consuming Digital Disinformation:
How Filipinos Engage with Racist and Historically Distorted Online Political Content.” Singapore: ISEAS Publishing, 2023.
CBCP News. “Fight Fake News, Bishops Urge Catholics.” CBCPNews, June 21, 2017.
https://cbcpnews.net/cbcpnews/fightfakenews/.
__________. “The Filipino Youth and the question of identity.” CBCPNews, 2017.
https://cbcpnews.net/cbcpnews/the-filipino-youth-and-the-question-of-identity/
__________. “Use of Social Media as a Wholesome Tool for Communication, Youth Told.”
CBCPNews, 2012. https://cbcpnews.net/podcast/use-social-media-as-wholesome-tool-for-communication-youth-told/
Cornelio, Jayeel. Being Catholic in the Contemporary Philippines: (Young People Reinterpreting
Religion). London: Routledge, 2016.
Cornelio, Jayeel, and Timothy Andrew Salera. “Youth in Interfaith Dialogue: Intercultural
Understanding and its Implications on Education in the Philippines.” Development Studies Faculty Publications 12, no. 60 (2012): 41-62. ISSN: 1665-2673
Del Castillo, Fides, Clarence Del Castillo, and Harold George Koenig. “Associations between
Prayer and Mental Health among Christian youth in the Philippines.” Religions 14, no. 806 (2023): 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel14060806
De Sagun, Rejien Renee N, et al. “Fake News among the Youth in the Philippines: The Case of
the National Capital Region (NCR).” Policy Brief 2, no. 21 (2023): 1-10.
file:///C:/Users/hp/Downloads/Vol.2_Issue+21+(Fake+News+Among+Youth)+-+Sagun.pdf
Dy, Angel Belle C., Alane Blythe C. Dy, and Samantha Katrina Santos. “Measuring Effects of
Screen Time on the Development of Children in the Philippines: A Cross-Sectional Study.” BMC Public Health 23, no. 1261 (2023): 1-13, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16188-4
Fajardo, Margarita Felipe. “Filipino Students’ Competency in Evaluating Digital Media Content Credibility: ‘Beginning’ to ‘Emerging’ Levels.” The Journal of Media Literacy Education 15, no. 2 (2023): 58–70. https://doi.org/10.23860/jmle-2023-15-2-5.
Francis. “Educating Today and Tomorrow: A Renewing Passion (Instrumentum Laboris).”
Congregation for Catholic Education, 2014.
Francis. “Video Message of His Holiness Pope Francis on the Occasion of the Meeting
Organized by the Congregation for Catholic Education: ‘Global Compact on Education. Together to Look Beyond.” October 15, 2020. https://www.vatican.va/content/francesco/en/messages/pont-messages/2020/documents/papa-francesco_20201015_videomessaggio-global-compact.html.
Griffith, Coleen. “Catholic Spirituality in Practice.” C21 Resources: 21st Century Center at
Boston College, February 2009. https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/top/church21/pdf/Spring_2009.pdf
Gordon, Graham. “The Distinctive Role of the Catholic Church in development and
humanitarian response.” ResearchGate, February 2021. DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.21569.07529
Heyer, Kent Den. “Education as an Affirmative Invention: Alain Badiou and the Purpose of
Teaching and Curriculum.” Educational Theory 59, no. 4 (2009): 441-463. https://www.academia.edu/101993724/Education_as_an_Affirmative_Invention_Alain_Badiou_and_the_Purpose_of_Teaching_and_Curriculum?email_work_card=view-paper
Himchak, Maureen. “Social Justice and Social Services Within the Catholic Church.” North
American Association of Christians in Social Work (NACSW), 2005: 1-12. https://www.nacsw.org/Publications/Proceedings2005/HimchakMSocialJustice.pdf
Ibrahim, Mon. “The Environmental Impact of Digitalization.” Manila Bulletin, August 1,
2023. https://mb.com.ph/2023/7/31/the-environmental-impact-of-digitalization#google_vignette
IBON Foundation. “Government Priorities Enrich a Few and Destroy the Environment.”
IBON, November 25, 2020. https://www.ibon.org/govt-priorities-enrich-a-few-and-destroy-the-environment-ibon/
Imbong, Regletto Aldrich. “Badiouian Philosophy, Critical Pedagogy, and the K12: Suturing the Educational with the Political.” Phavisminda 14 (2015): 35-48. https://philarchive.org/rec/IMBBPC.
Joshi, Mani. “Issues and Challenges of Adolescents in the 21st Century: An Introspection.”
Research Journal of Philosophy & Social Sciences 48, no. 2 (2022): 143–154. https://doi.org/10.31995/rjpsss.2022v48i01.18.
Kahvecioglu, Seref Anil. “Alain Badiou’s Ontology and Utopian Thought.” M.S. - Master of
Science, Middle East Technical University, September 2015. 1-177. https://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12619090/index.pdf
Kejriwal, Pritha. “On Being, Subject and Truth in the Works of Pablo Neruda and Alain Badiou.” Birkbeck Institutional Research Online, 2021. 1-163. https://eprints.bbk.ac.uk/id/eprint/47369/1/FINAL%20PHD%20THESIS%20%28PRITHA%20KEJRIWAL%29.pdf
Lanuza, Gerry. “The Theoretical State of Philippine Youth Studies.” Sage Publications 12,
no. 4 (2004): 357-376.
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epdf/10.1177/1103308804046719
Lazar, Roy. “Christian Spirituality - Roman Catholic Perspective.” Unom, November 5, 2015.
Macairan, Evelyn. “Papal Nuncio tells the youth: Develop a habit of prayer.” PhilStar Global, September 6, 2021. https://www.philstar.com/nation/2021/09/06/2125136/papal-nuncio-tells-youth-develop-habit-prayer
Magistra, Aristri Rahma, et al. “The Impact of Modernization in Education, Economics, Social and Cultural Sectors on the Existence of Democracy.” In Proceedings of the International Conference for Democracy and National Resilience 2022 (ICDNR 2022), 122–128, 2023. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-75-6_18.
Mambrol, Nasrullah. “Key Theories of Alain Badiou.” Literary Theory and Criticism, March 6,
2018. https://literariness.org/2018/03/06/key-theories-of-alain-badiou/.
Mansukhani, Roseann, and Ron Resurreccion. “Spirituality and the Development of Positive
Character among Filipino Adolescents.” Philippine Journal of Psychology 42, no. 2 (2009): 271-290. https://pssc.org.ph/wp-content/pssc-archives/Philippine%20Journal%20of%20Psychology/2009/Num%202/09_Spirituality%20and%20the%20Development%20of%20Positive%20Character%20Among%20Filipino%20Adolescents.pdf
Mendoza, Gabrielle Ann, et al. “Misinformed or Overconfident? Fake News and Youth Voting
Likelihood in the Philippines.” ResearchGate (2022): 3-29. DOI:10.2139/ssrn.4064584
Mesa, Eirene P. “Measuring Education Inequality in the Philippines.” The Philippine Review of
Economics 44, no. 2 (2007): 33-70. https://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/227/630
Molino, Jeramie Nunag. KaLikhasang Balaan: A Critical Analysis of Filipino Youth
Environmental Awareness and Attitudes Towards an Eco-theological Reflective Process. Animo Repository, 2022. https://animorepository.dlsu.edu.ph/etdd_tred/3/.
Nuncio, Rhoderick. “The State of Youth Internet Studies in the Philippines: Implications for Future Research and Policy Studies.” ResearchGate (March 25, 2019). 1-
Okafor, Jennifer. “Negative Impact of Technology on the Environment.” TRVST, January 18,
2024. https://www.trvst.world/environment/negative-impact-of-technology-on-the- environment/.
Olaganathan, Rajee and Kathleen Quigley. “Technological Modernization and Its Impact on
Agriculture, Fisheries and Fossil Fuel Utilization in the Asia Pacific Countries with Emphasis on Sustainability Perspective.” International Journal of Advanced Biotechnology and Research (IJBR) 8, no. 2 (2017): 422-441.
https://commons.erau.edu/publication/839.
Panahi, Soheila. “Impact of Modernization on Development of Adolescents the Media, Culture
and Technology.” Unique Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences 3, no. 2 (2015): 15-22 https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308892205.
Paquette, Elizabeth. “Humanism at Its Limits: A Conversation between Alain Badiou and Sylvia
Wynter.” Philosophy Today 62, no. 4 (2018): 1069-1088. DOI:10.5840/philtoday2019226246
Patinio, Ferdinand. “Tagle Urges Youth to Be Influencers of Jesus on Social Media.” Philippine
News Agency, August 5, 2023, https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1207202.
Prozorov, Sergei. “Badiou’s Biopolitics: The Human Animal and the Body of Truth.”
Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 32, no. 6 (2014): 951-967.
https://doi.org/10.1068/d14089p
Punzalan, Christopher Habunatalia. “Evaluating the Environmental Awareness and Practices of
Senior High School Students: Basis for Environmental Education Program.” Aquademia 4, no. 1 (2020): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.29333/aquademia/8219
Sadje, Hadje Cresencio. “Karl Gaspar’s Transformative Spirituality: Rediscovering Precolonial
Philippine Spirituality and Its Challenges to Contemporary Filipino Pentecostal Spiritualities.” Scientia 9, no. 2 (2020): 1-12.
Sandhya, V.P., “The Doctrine of Event: A Study in Alain Badiou.” IOSR Journal of Humanities
And Social Science 25, no. 3 (2020): 22-24. https://www.iosrjournals.org/iosr-jhss/papers/Vol.%2025%20Issue3/Series-3/D2503032224.pdf
Sahin, Eylem Yenisoy. “A Critical Reading of Alain Badiou: Relativism in Badiou’s Theory of
Truth.” Dissertation – Doctoral Program, Middle East Technical University, June 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/11511/21699.
Sison, Juan. “Juvenile Delinquency”. CBCP Online, 1957.
Sultana, Munazza, and Syed Abdul Ghaffar Bukhari. “Factors of Ethical Decline and Religious
Measures to Overcome.” Journal of Islamic & Religious Studies 5, no. 1 (2020): 85-98. DOI: 10.36476/JIRS.5:1.06.2020.17
Trabajo, Frances Mae. “Effects of Involvement in Religious Organization on Youth Development.” Academe 8, no. 1 (2016): 45–51. https://doi.org/10.15631/aubgsps.v8i1.88.
Union of Catholic Asian News. “Young Filipinos Join Global Effort to Fight Nature’s Woes.”
Ucanews.Com, September 2, 2019.
https://www.ucanews.com/news/young-filipinos-join-global-effort-to-fight-natures-woes/85486.
Villegas, Socrates. “Pastoral Guidelines on the Use of Social Media.” CBCP Online, January 30,
2017. https://cbcponline.net/pastoral-guidelines-on-the-use-of-social-media/.
Volonte, Luca. “The Catholic Church Makes the World a Better Place.” Daily Compass, September 3, 2020.
https://newdailycompass.com/en/the-catholic-church-makes-the-world-a-world abetterplace?fbclid=IwAR39gBvZ6tNLxkaCPHV6u3my7ShUW4hWT8n9E25R0xeIkJ2e9J7jxXROV8
Wolpert, Stuart. “Is Technology Producing a Decline in Critical Thinking and Analysis?” UCLA, May 9, 2019.
https://newsroom.ucla.edu/releases/is-technology-producing-a-decline-79127.
Pages 150-175
DOI: https://doi.org/10.62461/JEA101824
Submitted: May 17, 2024; Accepted: October 18, 2024; Published: January 10, 2025